1 Introduction
2 Ground Rules
Building a File System
3 File Systems
4 File Content Data Structure
5 Allocation Cluster Manager
6 Exceptions and Emancipation
7 Base Classes, Testing, and More
8 File Meta Data
9 Native File Class
10 Our File System
11 Allocation Table
12 File System Support Code
13 Initializing the File System
14 Contiguous Files
15 Rebuilding the File System
16 Native File System Support Methods
17 Lookups, Wildcards, and Unicode, Oh My
18 Finishing the File System Class
The Init Program
19 Hardware Abstraction and UOS Architecture
20 Init Command Mode
21 Using Our File System
22 Hardware and Device Lists
23 Fun with Stores: Partitions
24 Fun with Stores: RAID
25 Fun with Stores: RAM Disks
26 Init wrap-up
The Executive
27 Overview of The Executive
28 Starting the Kernel
29 The Kernel
30 Making a Store Bootable
31 The MMC
32 The HMC
33 Loading the components
34 Using the File Processor
35 Symbols and the SSC
36 The File Processor and Device Management
37 The File Processor and File System Management
38 Finishing Executive Startup
Users and Security
39 Introduction to Users and Security
40 More Fun With Stores: File Heaps
41 File Heaps, part 2
42 SysUAF
43 TUser
44 SysUAF API
Terminal I/O
45 Shells and UCL
46 UOS API, the Application Side
47 UOS API, the Executive Side
48 I/O Devices
49 Streams
50 Terminal Output Filters
51 The TTerminal Class
52 Handles
53 Putting it All Together
54 Getting Terminal Input
55 QIO
56 Cooking Terminal Input
57 Putting it all together, part 2
58 Quotas and I/O
UCL
59 UCL Basics
60 Symbol Substitution
61 Command execution
62 Command execution, part 2
63 Command Abbreviation
64 ASTs
65 Expressions, Part 1
66 Expressions, Part 2: Support code
67 Expressions, part 3: Parsing
68 SYS_GETJPIW and SYS_TRNLNM
69 Expressions, part 4: Evaluation
UCL Lexical Functions
70 PROCESS_SCAN
71 PROCESS_SCAN, Part 2
72 TProcess updates
73 Unicode revisted
74 Lexical functions: F$CONTEXT
75 Lexical functions: F$PID
76 Lexical Functions: F$CUNITS
77 Lexical Functions: F$CVSI and F$CVUI
78 UOS Date and Time Formatting
79 Lexical Functions: F$CVTIME
80 LIB_CVTIME
81 Date/Time Contexts
82 SYS_GETTIM, LIB_Get_Timestamp, SYS_ASCTIM, and LIB_SYS_ASCTIM
83 Lexical Functions: F$DELTA_TIME
84 Lexical functions: F$DEVICE
85 SYS_DEVICE_SCAN
86 Lexical functions: F$DIRECTORY
87 Lexical functions: F$EDIT and F$ELEMENT
88 Lexical functions: F$ENVIRONMENT
89 SYS_GETUAI
90 Lexical functions: F$EXTRACT and F$IDENTIFIER
91 LIB_FAO and LIB_FAOL
92 LIB_FAO and LIB_FAOL, part 2
93 Lexical functions: F$FAO
94 File Processing Structures
95 Lexical functions: F$FILE_ATTRIBUTES
96 SYS_DISPLAY
97 Lexical functions: F$GETDVI
98 Parse_GetDVI
99 GetDVI
100 GetDVI, part 2
101 GetDVI, part 3
102 Lexical functions: F$GETJPI
103 GETJPI
104 Lexical functions: F$GETSYI
105 GETSYI
106 Lexical functions: F$INTEGER, F$LENGTH, F$LOCATE, and F$MATCH_WILD
107 Lexical function: F$PARSE
108 FILESCAN
109 SYS_PARSE
110 Lexical Functions: F$MODE, F$PRIVILEGE, and F$PROCESS
111 File Lookup Service
112 Lexical Functions: F$SEARCH
113 SYS_SEARCH
114 F$SETPRV and SYS_SETPRV
115 Lexical Functions: F$STRING, F$TIME, and F$TYPE
116 More on symbols
117 Lexical Functions: F$TRNLNM
118 SYS_TRNLNM, Part 2
119 Lexical functions: F$UNIQUE, F$USER, and F$VERIFY
120 Lexical functions: F$MESSAGE
121 TUOS_File_Wrapper
122 OPEN, CLOSE, and READ system services
UCL Commands
123 WRITE
124 Symbol assignment
125 The @ command
126 @ and EXIT
127 CRELNT system service
128 DELLNT system service
129 IF...THEN...ELSE
130 Comments, labels, and GOTO
131 GOSUB and RETURN
132 CALL, SUBROUTINE, and ENDSUBROUTINE
133 ON, SET {NO}ON, and error handling
134 INQUIRE
135 SYS_WRITE Service
136 OPEN
137 CLOSE
138 DELLNM system service
139 READ
140 Command Recall
141 RECALL
142 RUN
143 LIB_RUN
144 The Data Stream Interface
145 Preparing for execution
146 EOJ and LOGOUT
147 SYS_DELPROC and LIB_GET_FOREIGN
CUSPs and utilities
148 The I/O Queue
149 Timers
150 Logging in, part one
151 Logging in, part 2
152 System configuration
153 SET NODE utility
154 UUI
155 SETTERM utility
156 SETTERM utility, part 2
157 SETTERM utility, part 3
158 AUTHORIZE utility
159 AUTHORIZE utility, UI
160 AUTHORIZE utility, Access Restrictions
161 AUTHORIZE utility, Part 4
162 AUTHORIZE utility, Reporting
163 AUTHORIZE utility, Part 6
164 Authentication
165 Hashlib
166 Authenticate, Part 7
167 Logging in, part 3
168 DAY_OF_WEEK, CVT_FROM_INTERNAL_TIME, and SPAWN
169 DAY_OF_WEEK and CVT_FROM_INTERNAL_TIME
170 LIB_SPAWN
171 CREPRC
172 CREPRC, Part 2
173 COPY
174 COPY, part 2
175 COPY, part 3
176 COPY, part 4
177 LIB_Get_Default_File_Protection and LIB_Substitute_Wildcards
178 CREATESTREAM, STREAMNAME, and Set_Contiguous
179 Help Files
180 LBR Services
181 LBR Services, Part 2
182 LIBRARY utility
183 LIBRARY utility, Part 2
184 FS Services
185 FS Services, Part 2
186 Implementing Help
187 HELP
188 HELP, Part 2
189 DMG_Get_Key and LIB_Put_Formatted_Output
190 LIBRARY utility, Part 3
191 Shutting Down UOS
192 SHUTDOWN
193 WAIT
194 SETIMR
195 WAITFR and Scheduling
196 REPLY, OPCOM, and Mailboxes
197 REPLY utility
198 Mailboxes
199 BRKTHRU
200 OPCOM
Glossary/Index
Downloads
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SYS_GETUAI
In the last article we looked at the code for F$ENVIRONMENT. That code made calls
to a new system routine - SYS_GETUAI - which we will cover in this article.
function GETUAI( context : int64 ; const username : string ;
itemlist : int64 ) : int64 ;
var SRB : TSRB ;
begin
Set_String( username, SRB ) ;
Result := SYS_GETUAI( 0, 0, SRB, itemlist, 0, 0, 0 ) ;
end ;
This routine is added to the PasStarlet unit. It simply wraps the string in a TSRB
structure and passes it, and the other parameters, on to SYS_GETUAI.
function SYS_GETUAI( nullarg1, context : int64 ; username : TSRB ;
itemlist, nullarg2, nullarg3, nullarg4 : int64 ) : int64 ;
var Status : byte ;
SysRequest : TS1I2_Request ;
begin
fillchar( SysRequest, sizeof( SysRequest ), 0 ) ;
SysRequest.Request.Subsystem := UOS_Subsystem_USC ;
SysRequest.Request.Request := UOS_USC_GETUAI ;
SysRequest.Request.Length := sizeof( SysRequest ) - sizeof( Sysrequest.Request ) ;
SysRequest.Request.Status := integer( @Status ) ;
SysRequest.Integer1 := Context ;
SysRequest.Integer2 := Itemlist ;
SysRequest.SRB := username ;
Call_To_Ring0( integer( @SysRequest ) ) ;
Result := Status ;
end ;
This is like all of our other system calls, so I won't comment on it here.
UOS_USC_GETUAI:
begin
UE := Enter_System_Call( Request, SReq, PID, MMC,
sizeof( S1I2_Request ) - sizeof( SReq ), Address ) ;
if( UE <> nil ) then
begin
Set_Last_Error( UE ) ;
exit ;
end ;
try
Get_UAI( Kernel, PID, S1I2_Request.Integer1, S1I2_Request.SRB,
S1I2_Request.Integer2, IOSB ) ;
finally
Exit_System_Call( Request, PID, MMC, sizeof( S1I2_Request ) - sizeof( SReq ) ) ;
end ;
end ;
We add the above code to the USC.API method to handle the new SYS_USC_GETUAI call.
procedure TUSC.Get_UAI( Kernel : TUOS_Kernel ; PID : TPID ; Context : int64 ;
Username : TSRB ; ItemList : int64 ; var IOSB : TIOSB ) ;
var Buff : PChar ;
Descriptor : TSYS_Descriptor ;
Len : integer ;
Name : string ;
Offset : int64 ;
Process : TProcess ;
US : TUOS_String ;
User : TUser ;
I : integer ;
Owner : TUser ;
S : string ;
begin
US := Get_User_String( Kernel, PID, Username, IOSB.r_io_64.w_status ) ;
if( IOSB.r_io_64.w_status = UE_Error ) then
begin
if( US <> nil ) then
begin
US.Free ;
end ;
exit ;
end ;
Name := trim( As_UTF8( US ) ) ;
if( US <%gt; nil ) then
begin
US.Free ;
end ;
We start by obtaining the username from the user memory.
if( Name = '' ) then
begin
Process := Get_Process( PID ) ;
Name := Process.User.Name ;
end ;
User := Get_User( Name ) ;
if( User = nil ) then // Not found
begin
IOSB.r_io_64.w_status := UE_Error ;
Generate_Exception( UOSErr_User_Not_Found ) ;
exit ;
end ;
If no user name was passed, we assume the user name of the current process. In
either case, we get an instance of the TUser class for that user.
// Process the item list...
while( true ) do
begin
// Map item and process descriptor...
Offset := MMC.Lock_Pages( PID, itemlist, sizeof( Descriptor ) ) ;
try
Buff := PAnsiChar( MMC.Map_Pages( PID, 0, itemlist, sizeof( Descriptor ),
MAM_Read or MAM_Lock ) ) ;
if( Buff = nil ) then
begin
if( MMC.Last_Error = nil ) then
begin
Generate_Exception( UOSErr_Memory_Address_Error ) ;
end ;
exit ;
end ;
try
move( Buff[ Offset ], Descriptor, sizeof( Descriptor ) ) ;
if(
( Descriptor.Buffer_Length = 0 )
or
( Descriptor.Buffer_Address = 0 )
or
( Descriptor.Return_Length_Address = 0 )
) then // End of list
begin
exit ;
end ;
Len := Descriptor.Buffer_Length ;
if( Descriptor.Buffer_Address = 0 ) then
begin
IOSB.r_io_64.w_status := UE_Error ;
Generate_Exception( UOSErr_Memory_Address_Error ) ;
exit ;
end ;
case Descriptor.Item_Code of
UAI_ACCOUNT : // Account name
begin
if( Write_String( User.Name ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_ACCOUNT_Length : // Account name length
begin
if( Write_Integer( length( User.Name ) ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_ASTLM : // AST queue limit
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.ASTLM ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_BATCH_ACCESS_P : // Range of times batch access is permitted on primary days
begin
if( Write_Access( UAT_Batch, True ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_BATCH_ACCESS_S : // Range of times batch access is permitted on secondary days
begin
if( Write_Access( UAT_Batch, False ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_BIOLM : // Buffered I/O count
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.BIOLM ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_BYTLM : // Buffered I/O byte limit
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.BYTLM ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_CLITABLES : // CLI table name for account
begin
if( Write_String( User.Name ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_CLITABLES_LENGTH : // CLI table name length for account
begin
if( Write_Integer( length( User.Name ) ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_CPUTIM : // Maximum CPU time limit per session
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.CPUTIM ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_DEFCLI : // Default shell filename
begin
if( Write_String( User.Shell ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_DEFCLI_LENGTH : // Default shell filename length
begin
if( Write_Integer( length( User.Shell ) ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_DEFDEV : // Name of default device
begin
S := User.Home ;
I := pos( ':', S ) ;
setlength( S, I ) ;
if( Write_String( S ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_DEFDEV_LENGTH : // Length of the name of default device
begin
S := User.Home ;
I := pos( ':', S ) ;
setlength( S, I ) ;
if( Write_Integer( length( S ) ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_DEFDIR : // Default directory name
begin
S := User.Home ;
I := pos( ':', S ) ;
S := copy( S, I + 1, length( S ) ) ;
if( Write_String( S ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_DEFDIR_LENGTH : // Default directory name length
begin
S := User.Home ;
I := pos( ':', S ) ;
S := copy( S, I + 1, length( S ) ) ;
if( Write_Integer( length( S ) ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_DEF_PRIV : // Default privileges
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Privileges ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_DFWSCNT : // Default working set size in pages
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.WSDEFAULT ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_DIOLM : // Direct I/O count limit
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.DIOLM ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_DIALUP_ACCESS_P : // Range of times dialup access is permitted for primary days
begin
if( Write_Access( UAT_Dialup, True ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_DIALUP_ACCESS_S : // Range of times dialup access is permitted for secondary days
begin
if( Write_Access( UAT_Dialup, False ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_ENCRYPT : // Encryption algorithm ID for the primary password
begin
if( Write_Integer( 0 ) ) then //TODO
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_ENCRYPT2 : // Encryption algorithm ID for the secondary password
begin
if( Write_Integer( 0 ) ) then //TODO
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_ENQLM : // Lock queue limit
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.ENQLM ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_EXPIRATION : // Date/time of account expiration
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Expiration ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_FILLM : // Open file limit
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.FILLM ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_FLAGS : // Account flags (see UAF_*)
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Flags ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_JTQUOTA : // Initial byte quota for job symbol table
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Flags ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_LASTLOGIN_I : // Date/time of last interactive login
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Last_Interactive_Login ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_LASTLOGIN_N : // Date/time of last noninteractive login
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Last_NonInteractive_Login ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_LGICMD : // Name of default login command file
begin
if( Write_String( User.LGICMD ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_LGICMD_LENGTH : // Name of default login command file
begin
if( Write_Integer( length( User.LGICMD ) ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_LOCAL_ACCESS_P : // Range of times local access is permitted for primary days
begin
if( Write_Access( UAT_Interactive, True ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_LOCAL_ACCESS_S : // Range of times local access is permitted for secondary days
begin
if( Write_Access( UAT_Interactive, False ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_LOGFAILS : // Count of login failures since last login
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Login_Failures ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_MAXACCTJOBS : // Max processes for all sessions of this user
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.MaxAcctJobs ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_MAXDETACH : // Max detached processes
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.MAXDETJOBS ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_MAXJOBS : // Max processes for each session
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.MaxJobs ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_NETWORK_ACCESS_P : // Range of times network access is permitted for primary days
begin
if( Write_Access( UAT_Network, True ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_NETWORK_ACCESS_S : // Range of times network access is permitted for secondary days
begin
if( Write_Access( UAT_Network, False ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_OWNER : // Name of account owner
begin
Owner := Get_User( User.Owner ) ;
if( Write_String( Owner.Name ) ) then
begin
Owner.Detach ;
exit ;
end ;
Owner.Detach ;
end ;
UAI_OWNER_LENGTH : // Length of name of account owner
begin
Owner := Get_User( User.Owner ) ;
if( Write_Integer( length( Owner.Name ) ) ) then
begin
Owner.Detach ;
exit ;
end ;
Owner.Detach ;
end ;
UAI_PBYTLM : // Paged buffer I/O byte count
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.PBYTLM ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_PGFLQUOTA : // Paging file quote (in pages)
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.PGFLQUOTA ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_PRCCNT : // Subprocess creation limit
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.PRCLM ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_PRI : // Default base priority
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Priority ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_PRIMEDAYS : // Which days represent primary days
begin
if( Write_Integer( 0 ) ) then // TODO
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_PRIV : // Privileges for user
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Privileges ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_PWD : // Hashed primary password
begin
if( Write_Integer( 0 ) ) then // TODO
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_PWD_DATE : // Date/time of last password change (-1 means pre-expired)
begin
if( Write_Integer( 0 ) ) then // TODO
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_PWD_LENGTH : // Minimum password length
begin
if( Write_Integer( 0 ) ) then // TODO
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_PWD_LIFETIME : // Password lifetime in UOS time format
begin
if( Write_Integer( 0 ) ) then // TODO
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_PWD2 : // Hashed secondary password
begin
if( Write_Integer( 0 ) ) then // TODO
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_PWD2_DATE : // Date/time of last secondary password change (-1 means pre-expired)
begin
if( Write_Integer( 0 ) ) then // TODO
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_QUEPRI : // Maximum job queue priority
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.QPriority ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_REMOTE_ACCESS_P : // Range of times remote access is permitted for primary days
begin
if( Write_Access( UAT_Remote, True ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_REMOTE_ACCESS_S : // Range of times remote access is permitted for secondary days
begin
if( Write_Access( UAT_Remote, False ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_SALT : // Random password salt
begin
if( Write_Integer( 0 ) ) then // TODO
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_SHRFILLM : // Shared file limit
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.SFILLM ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_TQCNT : // Timer queue entry limit
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.TQELM ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_UIC : // UIC
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.UIC ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_USER_DATA : // Up to 255 bytes of customer information
begin
if( Write_String( User.Custom ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_WSEXTENT : // Working set extent in pages
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.WSEXTENT ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
UAI_WSQUOTA : // Working set quota in pages
begin
if( Write_Integer( User.Quotas.WSDEFAULT ) ) then
begin
exit ;
end ;
end ;
end ;
finally
MMC.UnMap_Pages( 0, itemlist, sizeof( Descriptor ) ) ;
end ;
finally
MMC.Unlock_Pages( PID, itemlist, sizeof( Descriptor ) ) ;
end ;
itemlist := itemlist + sizeof( Descriptor ) ;
end ; // while( true )
end ; // TUSC.Get_UAI
The rest of the routine processes through a set of descriptors, as we've seen in previous
articles (for instance, the GETJPI system call). Some of the items are marked with
//TODO to indicate features which we haven't talked about yet. We will
cover these in future articles. To simplify the code, we call some local functions.
function Write_Integer( I : int64 ) : boolean ;
begin
if( Len > sizeof( I ) ) then
begin
Len := sizeof( I ) ;
end ;
IOSB.r_io_64.w_status := Write_User( Kernel, PID, Descriptor.Buffer_Address, Len, I ) ;
Result := ( IOSB.r_io_64.w_status <> 0 ) ;
end ;
function Write_String( S : string ) : boolean ;
var SRB : TSRB ;
begin
if( Len < Length( S ) ) then
begin
setlength( S, Len ) ;
end ;
SRB.Buffer := Descriptor.Buffer_Address ;
SRB.Length := Len ;
IOSB.r_io_64.w_status := Set_User_String( Kernel, PID, SRB, S ) ;
Result := ( IOSB.r_io_64.w_status <> 0 ) ;
end ;
function Write_Access( UAT : integer ; Primary : boolean ) : boolean ;
begin
//TODO
Result := False ;
end ;
These functions write integer and string values to the user's data space.
In the next article, we'll look at the next lexical function.
Copyright © 2020 by Alan Conroy. This article may be copied
in whole or in part as long as this copyright is included.
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